知识点扫描

重点难点提示

1. But whether buses or trains, or boarding aeroplanes, there wasn't a door she'd get through.
　　 但无论是汽车还是火车，还是天上的飞机，都没有她能进的门。
　　 "whether... or..." 用来引导让步状语，意为“无论／不管……还……”，还可说成："no matter whether...or..."。 or后可接not或与前面意义相反的词。另外有些省略了whether...or... 结构，已经成为习语，如：sink or swim, rain or sunshine等。
　　 Whether you go or not, I will go. 不管你去还是不去，我都去。
　　 I am going whether it is raining or not. 无论下不下雨，我都要去。
　　 Whether you like or not, you'll have to do it. 无论你喜欢还是不喜欢，你非做不可。
　　 Whether or not it rains, I'm giving a party tomorrow？不管是否下雨，明天我都要举办一个晚会。
　　 I'll go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 无论你跟我来还是留在家里，我都要走。
　　 Sink or swim, I shall do it. 无论成败，我都要承担此事。
　　 The football match will be held, rain or sunshine. 足球赛定期举行，风雨无阻。

2. Poetry also calls up all the colours, feelings, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
　　 诗歌还能汇集梦中世界的一切色彩，感情，经历和各种奇妙的意向。

3. Poems by Du Fu, Li Bai and Wang Wei among others stand out in the halls of Glory.
　　 杜甫、李白、王维以及其他诗人的诗歌兀立在荣光宝殿之上。
　　 stand out 　① 突出；引人注目；② 杰出；出色。
　　 The new road sign is easy to read; the words stand out.
　　 新路标易辨认，上面的字很醒目。
　　 Among writers in China, Lu Xun stands out as a real master.
　　 在中国作家中，鲁迅最为杰出，是一位真正的大师。

4. Shakespeare is most famous for his plays. 莎士比亚以他的戏剧最为著名。
　　 the most放在多音节形容词前，意为“最”，是最高级的表达形式。
　　 但most前不加the，意为：“非常”，等于“very”。
　　 This is the most difficult book I've ever read. 这是我读过的最难的一本书。
　　 This is a most difficult book. 这是一本很难的书。(This is a very difficult book．)

5. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
　　 发行后，他的诗作因为行尾不押韵而大获其名。
　　 ①absent 形容词，作表语：缺席、不在。作定语：心不在焉的
　　 an absent look on his face 心不在焉的表情
　　 He is absent from the meeting. 他开会缺席了。
　　 He was absent from his work. 他擅离职守。
　　 ②absence名词，意为“不在、缺席”。
　　 It happened during his absence. 事情发生在他不在时。
　　 In the absence of the manager, I shall be in charge. 经理不在时，由我负责。
　　 The visitors to Venice notice at once the absence of noise. 去威尼斯的游客马上会发现那里没有噪音。

6. More and more people are interested to read modern poetry in English.
　　 越来越多的人们对读英国的现代诗歌感兴趣。
　　be interested in doing sth. 表示感兴趣的事情不太具体，是抽象概念；
　　be interested to do sth.表示感兴趣的事情很具体。
　　 Are you interested in playing football？你对足球感兴趣吗？
　　 I'd be interested to hear your opinion about this. 我到想听听你对这个事情的看法。

7．Besides, no matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original is lost.
　　 此外，无论翻译得多么精彩，原作中的部分精神也会丢失。
　　 besides, but, except, except for, excepting, apart from的区别
　①besides与except 前者表示“除......以外，还有......”；后者表示“从整体中除去......”
　②except与except for
　　 a．除去的和非除去的是同类事物，用except。例如：
　　 All the essays are well written except Nelson's.
　　 Nelson的文章（除去的）和All the essays（非除去的）是同类事物，所以用except。
　　 b．除去的和非除去的不是同类事物，用except for，并且从语气上通常表示遗憾． 例如：
　　 His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几个拼写错误外，他的文章写得很好。
　　 a few spelling mistakes (除去的）和His essay（非除去的）是不同类的事物．
　 ③apart from 具有多重意义：既可表示besides，也可以表示exept或exept for，还可以表示without的意思。
　　 Apart from the cost, it will take a lot of time. (=besides)
　　 The orphan had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle. (=except)
　　 He has done good work, apart from a few slight faults. (=except for)
　　 There can be no knowledge apart from practice. 实践出真知．（＝without）
　④excepting =except，但一般用于句首或用于not，without，always等词之后。例如：
　　 Excepting his brother, they are all right.
　　 Everyone, not excepting myself, must share the blame.
　　 All of us, without excepting those who know more about the subject, should study.
　　 All my brothers com here every day, always excepting the youngest.
　⑤but与except同义，但but多用在every, any, no等和由这些词构成的复合词，如everything，anywhere，nobody等词以后及all，none之后。例如：
　　 The children go to school everyday but Sunday.
　　 They are all gone but me.
　　 You can get the book anywhere but here.
　　 There is no one but me. Who but George would do such a thing?

8．Reading poetry in English also opens the door to finding new ways of expressing yourself in Chinese.
　　 读英文诗歌还能使你开启一扇大门，在那儿，你可以找到更新的用汉语表达思想的方法。
　　 注意本句中to为介词，介词to后表示有动作的意味时，该词用其动名词形式。
　　 类似的结构还有：be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；devote...to doing sth 把……贡献给……；
　　 contribute...to doing sth 把……贡献给……；look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事。
　　 He is used to getting up early. 他已习惯早起床了。
　　 He has contributed himself to serving the people. 他把自己的一切都献给了为人民服务上。
　　 He is looking forward to seeing you soon. 他正盼望早些见到你。

9．Modern English came into being from about the end of the 16th century.
　　 现代英语大约形成于十六世纪末期。
　　 come into being(existence)形成、开始存在。为不及物动词短语，所以不可用被动；
　　 bring...into being(existence) 使……形成、存在。
　　 When did the universe first come into being？宇宙是什么时候开始形成的？
　　 Who brought the new regulation into being？这新规定是谁制定的？

10．I also like reading. I used to avoid poetry….　过去我不愿读诗…… 现在我愿意读了。
　　 avoid 动词，后接名词、代词、动名词做宾语。意为：
　　 ①避开、躲避（某人、物）keep oneself away from sb.／sth.；
　　 ②防止发生（某事）；预防stop sth. happening；prevent
　　 注意：avoid后只接动名词做宾语，不可接不定式做宾语。
　　 To avoid being caught in the rain, he ran home. 为了不赶上雨，他跑着回了家。
　　 I think he is avoiding me. 我认为他在躲着我。
　　 Try to avoid accident. 尽量避免发生事故。

11．I started with small poems, but now I most like long poems.
　　 开始时，我读一些小诗，现在我更愿意读长诗。
　　 start with意为：“以……开始”；start as意为“作为……开始、开始时是……”
　　 We started our English learning with ABC. 我们是以学ABC开始我们的英语学习的。

12．Ask your teacher to recommend poems to you. 请你的老师为你推荐一些诗歌。
　　 recommend 动词，意为“推荐、介绍、建议”，常用句型为：
　　 ①recommend sth.／sb. 推荐某物／人；
　　 ②recommend sb. sth.／sb.=recommend sth/sb. to sb. 把……推荐／介绍给……；
　　 ③recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；
　　 ④recommend + that从句 that从句谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should可省略，“建议某人做某事”；
　　 ⑤recommend sb.／sth. + as／for + 名词，推荐／介绍……当……
　　 Can you recommend a novel？你能推荐一本小说吗？
　　 The professor recommended me warmly. 那位教授热忱地推荐了我。
　　 The teacher recommended us to read novels in origin. 老师建议我们读原版小说。
　　 They recommended that the match be held in China. 他们建议比赛在中国举办。
　　 He recommended Lao Li as an experienced technician. 他推荐说老李是一个有经验的技术员。
　　 She recommended me for the Party membership. 她介绍我入党。
　　 My uncle recommended me to the manager. 我叔叔把我介绍给经理。
　　 I have been recommended that medicine. 有人向我介绍那种药。

13．Collect your favorite poems in a notebook and ask your friends to contribute to it.
　　 把你最喜欢的诗歌收集在你的笔记本中，让你的朋友们也往里面增添些新诗歌。
　　 contribute动词，意为“贡献、捐(款)、投(稿)、出(力)、起(作用)、分享(=have a share in)”。常用句型有：
　① contribute sth
　　 Everybody is called to contribute ideas. 要求人人都想办法出主意。
　② contribute + to-infinitive
　　 Low wages and high prices contributed to increase the discontent of the people of that country.
　　 低工资、物价高增加了那个国家人们的不满。
　③ contribute sth. to(towards)sth
　　 He contributed all his time and energy to his work. 他把所有时间和精力都献给了工作。
　　 Laziness contributed greatly to his failure. 懒惰是他失败的最重要的原因。
　④contribute to sth
　　 The fine weather contributed to the success of the expeditions. 好天气是这次远征的原因。